An analysis of the effects of users’ different characteristics on the acceptance of e-transformation in a public institution<p>Kamu kurumunda kullanıcıların farklı özelliklerinin e-dönüşümün kabulüne etkilerinin incelenmesi

Authors

  • Esad Esgin Marmara University
  • Ahmet Çetinkaya Marmara University
  • Mustafa Ağaoğlu Marmara University

Keywords:

E-transformation, E-government, Technology acceptance, Public sector, User characteristics, Digital native, Digital immigrant, E-dönüşüm, E-devlet, Teknoloji kabulü, Kamu sektörü, Kullanıcı özellikleri, Sayısal yerli, Sayısal göçmen

Abstract

The aim of the research is to determine adoption level of users to the e-transformation model applied in the process of Electronic Records Management System transformation by the Extended Technology Acceptance Model and to analyze users’ different characteristics on the acceptance of e-transformation in a public institution. In this research, correlational comparative survey was used as a quantitative research method. The sample of the survey research was 469 users among the staff and faculty of the Marmara University which is a state university in Istanbul. Demographics Questionnaire and Extended Technology Acceptance Model Survey was used to collect data. The quantitative data collected by these tools were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests. The findings of the study imply that the e-transformation model was accepted by the users but there are still some aspects of the model to be improved. In addition, there are evidences that users’ technology acceptance differs significantly according to the variables such as gender, education level, personnel type (faculty or staff), duration of daily computer use, duration of system use and being digital native. However, users’ technology acceptance do not differ significantly according to the duration of daily internet use and the frequency of access to the system. In addition, there is no significant correlation between technology acceptance and age or tenure of office. These results indicate that users’ different characteristics such as gender, education level, personnel type, duration of daily computer and internet use and being digital native should be taken into consideration while managing e-transformation in a public institution and e-transformation model should be designed according to them.

 

Özet

Bu araştırmanın amacı bir kamu kurumunda kullanıcıların farklı özelliklerinin e-devlete uyum kapsamında uygulanan e-dönüşüm sürecinin kabulüne etkisinin incelenmesidir. Marmara Üniversitesi’nde uygulanan Elektronik Belge Yönetim Sistemi e-dönüşüm modelinin başarısını ölçmek için Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli kullanılarak e-dönüşüm modelinin kullanıcılar tarafından ne kadar benimsendiğinin ölçülmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel yöntemlerden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini İstanbul’da bir devlet üniversitesi olan Marmara Üniversitesinden 469 katılımcı oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak Demografik Bilgiler Anketi ve Genişletilmiş Teknoloji Kabul Modeli Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bu araçlarla elde edilen nicel veriler betimsel ve vardamsal istatistiklerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre katılımcıların sistemi benimsedikleri, uygulanan e-dönüşüm modeline inandıkları ve bu modeli yararlı buldukları ancak geliştirilmesi gereken yönleri olduğunu düşündükleri sonucu çıkarılmıştır. Kullanıcıların e-dönüşüm sonucu sistemi kabullenmeleri; cinsiyete, öğrenim durumlarına, personel tipine (akademik-idari), bilgisayar kullanım sürelerine, sistemi kullanım sürelerine ve sayısal yerli olma durumlarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede farklılaşmaktadır. Ancak internet kullanım sürelerine ve sisteme giriş sıklıklarına göre anlamlı derecede farklılaşmamaktadır. Ayrıca yaş ve hizmet süresi değişkenleri birlikte ve ayrı ayrı kullanıcıların e-dönüşüm sonucu sistemi benimsemeleri ile anlamlı bir ilişki vermemektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre e-dönüşüm çalışmalarında kullanıcıların cinsiyet, öğrenim durumu, personel tipi, günlük bilgisayar ve internet kullanım süreleri ve sayısal yerli olma durumları göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve e-dönüşüm modeli ona göre tasarlanarak dönüşüm süreci bu şekilde yönetilmelidir.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Esad Esgin, Marmara University

Öğr. Gör., Marmara Üniversitesi, Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi, Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümü

Ahmet Çetinkaya, Marmara University

Yrd. Doç. Dr., Marmara Üniversitesi, İletişim Fakültesi, Gazetecilik Bölümü

Mustafa Ağaoğlu, Marmara University

Yrd. Doç. Dr., Marmara Üniversitesi, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Bölümü

References

Alpar, P., & Olbrich, S. (2005). Legal Requirements and Modelling of Processes in e-Government. The Electronic Journal of e-Government, 3(3), 107-116.

Anttiroiko, A.-V. (2008). Introductory Chapter: A Brief Introduction to the Field of E-Government. A.-V. Anttiroiko (Dü.) içinde, Electronic Government: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (s. xli-lxxv). Hershey: IGI Global.

Belanger, F., Hiller, J. S., & Smith, W. J. (2002). Trustworthiness in electronic commerce: the role of privacy, security, and site attributes. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 11(3), 245-270.

Bimber, B. (2001). Information and Political Engagement in America: The Search for Effects of Information Technology at the Individual Level. Political Research Quarterly, 54(1), 53-67.

Bretschneider, S. (1990). Management Information Systems in Public and Private Organizations: An Empirical Test. Public Administration Review, 50(5), 536-545.

Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2007). Sosyal Bilimler İçin Veri Analizi El Kitabı (7. Baskı b.). Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.

Cameron, E., & Green, M. (2009). Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models, Tools & Techniques of Organizational Change (2nd b.). London: Kogan Page Limited.

Carter, L., & Belanger, F. (2005). The utilization of e‐government services: citizen trust, innovation and acceptance factors. Information Systems Journal, 15(1), 5-25.

Centeno, C., van Bavel, R., & Burgelman, J.-C. (2005). A Prospective View of e-Government in the European Union. The Electronic Journal of e-Government, 3(2), 59-66.

Chen, A. J., Pan, S. L., Zhang, J., Huang, W. W., & Zhu, S. (2009). Managing e-government implementation in China: A process perspective. Information & Management, 46(4), 203-212.

Chen, H., Brandt, L., Gregg, V., Traunmüller, R., Dawes, S., Hovy, E., . . . Larson, C. A. (Dü). (2008). Digital Government: E-Government Research, Case Studies and Implementation. New York: Springer.

Cook, M. E., LaVigne, M. F., Pagano, C. M., Dawes, S. S., & Pardo, T. A. (2002). Making a Case for Local E-Government. New York: Center for Technology in Government University at Albany, SUNY.

Çetiner, Y. T. (2009). E-Dönüşümde Türkiye Nerede? Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar, 31, 40-48.

Danziger, J. N., & Andersen, K. V. (2002). The Impacts of Information Technology on Public Administration: An Analysis of Empirical Research From The "Golden Age" of Transformation. International Journal of Public Administration, 25(5), 591-627.

Davis, F. D. (1985). A Technology Acceptance Model For Empirically Testing New End-User Information Systems: Theory and Results. Doctoral Dissertation. Massaschusetts: The Sloan School of Management, Massaschusetts Institute of Technology.

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.

Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User Acceptance of Computer Technology: A Comparison of Two Theoretical Models. Management Science, 35(8), 982-1003.

Dawes, S. S., Pardo, T. A., & DiCaterino, A. (1999). Crossing the Threshold: Practical Foundations for Government Services on the World Wide Web. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 50(4), 346-353.

Dilmen, N. E., & Öğüt, S. (2006). "Yeni İletişim Ortamları ve Etkileşim"e İletişimsel Bilişim Yaklaşımı. Yeni İletişim Ortamları ve Etkileşim Uluslararası Konferansı. İstanbul.

Düvenci, A. (2012). Ağ Neslinin İnternet Kullanımı Üzerindeki Sosyal Medya Etkisinin Sosyal Sapma Yaklaşımı İle İncelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

e-Devlet Yenilikçi Proje Yarışması Org. Komitesi. (2013, Kasım 01). Yarışma Kılavuzu. Eylül 19, 2014 tarihinde E-Devlet Yenilikçi Proje Yarışması: https://yarisma.turkiye.gov.tr/Yarisma/downloads/yarisma_kilavuzu.pdf adresinden alındı

Ehrenhard, M. L. (2007). Implementing Enterprise Systems in the Public Sector. A.-V. Anttiroiko, & M. Mälkiä (Dü) içinde, Encyclopedia of Digital Government (s. 1006-1010). Hershey: IGI Global.

Ernst & Young. (2011). Innovating for growth: Global IT performance survey 2011 & Government and public sector report. Ernst & Young Global Limited.

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Fountain, J. E. (2004). Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change. Washinton, D.C.: The Brookings Institution.

Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Marshfield, MA: Pitman Publishing Ins.

Garson, G. D. (2004). The Promise of Digital Government. A. Pavlichev, & G. D. Garson (Dü) içinde, Digital Government: Principles and Best Practices (s. 2-15). Hershey: IGI Global.

Gil-García, J. R., & Helbig, N. (2007). Exploring E-Government Benefits and Success Factors. A.-V. Anttiroiko, & M. Mälkiä (Dü) içinde, Encyclopedia of Digital Government (s. 803-811). Hershey: IGI Global.

Gil-Garcia, J. R., & Pardo, T. A. (2006). Multi-Method Approaches to Understanding the Complexity of E-Government. International Journal of Computers, Systems and Signals, 7(2), 3-17.

Gupta, M. P., & Jana, D. (2003). E-government evaluation: A framework and case study. Government Information Quarterly, 20(4), 365-387.

Heeks, R. (1999). Reinventing government in the information age. R. Heeks (Dü.) içinde, Reinventing Government in the Information Age: International practice in IT-enabled public sector reform (s. 9-21). New York: Routledge.

Heeks, R. (2008, October 19). Success and Failure Rates of eGovernment in Developing/Transitional Countries: Overview. August 26, 2014 tarihinde eGovernment for Development: http://www.egov4dev.org/success/sfrates.shtml adresinden alındı

Hester, A. J. (2009). Analysis of Factors Influencing Adoption and Usage of Knowledge Management Systems and Investigation of Wiki Technology as an Innovative Alternative to Traditional Systems. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Colorado: Computer Science and Information Systems, University of Colorado Denver.

Ho, A. T.-K. (2002). Reinventing Local Governments and the E‐Government Initiative. Public Administration Review, 62(4), 434-444.

Horst, M., Kuttschreuter, M., & Gutteling, J. M. (2007). Perceived usefulness, personal experiences, risk perception and trust as determinants of adoption of e-government services in The Netherlands. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(4), 1838-1852.

infoDev/World Bank. (2009). e-Government Primer. Washington, DC: infoDev/World Bank.

Irani, Z., Love, P. E., & Montazemi, A. (2007). e-Government: past, present and future. European Journal of Information Systems, 16(2), 103-105.

Kaya Bensghir, T. (2011). E-Dönüşüm, E-İmza ve Uygulamaları. TODAİE eDevlet Merkezi Uygulamalı E-İmza Semineri. Ankara.

Kettinger, W. J., Teng, J. T., & Guha, S. (1997). Business Process Change: A Study of Methodologies, Techniques, and Tools. MIS Quarterly, 21(1), 55-80.

Kim, H. J., Pan, G., & Pan, S. L. (2007). Managing IT-enabled transformation in the public sector: A case study on e-government in South Korea. Government Information Quarterly, 24(2), 338–352.

Kıvanç, E., Özbilger, H. İ., Yıldız, T., & İlter, H. K. (2006). E-Devlet Dönüşümünde Kritik Faktörler ve İşletmecilik Açısından Değerlendirmeler. XI. "Türkiye'de İnternet" Konferansı Bildirileri (s. 103-112). Ankara: TOBB Ekonomi ve Teknoloji Üniversitesi.

Koh, C. E., Prybutok, V. R., & Zhang, X. (2008). Measuring e-government readiness. Information & Management, 45(8), 540-546.

Latour, B. (1996). On actor-network theory: a few clarifications. Soziale Welt, 369-381.

Latour, B. (1996). On interobjectivity. Mind, Culture, and Activity, 3(4), 228-245.

Laudon, K. C., & Laudon, J. P. (2011). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm (12th b.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Malhotra, Y., & Galletta, D. F. (1999). Extending the Technology Acceptance Model to Account for Social Influence: Theoretical Bases and Empirical Validation. Proceedings of the 32nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (s. 1-11). Hawaii: IEEE.

Mälkiä, M., & Savolainen, R. (2004). eTransformation in Government, Politics and Society: Conceptual Framework and Introduction. M. Mälkiä, A.-V. Anttiroiko, & R. Savolainen (Dü) içinde, E-Transformation in Governance: New Directions in Government and Politics (s. 1-21). Hershey: IGI Global.

Mayer-Schönberger, V., & Lazer, D. (2007). From Electronic Government to Information Government. V. Mayer-Schönberger, & D. Lazer (Dü) içinde, Governance and Information Technology: From Electronic Government to Information Government (s. 1-14). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

McKnight, D. H., Choudhury, V., & Kacmar, C. (2002). Developing and Validating Trust Measures for e-Commerce: An Integrative Typology. Information Systems Research, 13(3), 334-359.

Moon, M. J., & Bretschneider, S. (2002). Does the Perception of Red Tape Constrain IT Innovativeness in Organizations? Unexpected Results from a Simultaneous Equation Model and Implications. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 12(2), 273-291.

Naralan, A. (2008). E-Devlet'e Etki Eden Faktörler. Atatürk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(2), 457-468.

Orgeron, C. P. (2007). Theory-Based Models of E-Government Adoption. A.-V. Anttiroiko, & M. Mälkiä (Dü) içinde, Encyclopedia of Digital Government (s. 1536-1540). Hershey: IGI Global.

Peker, C. (2010). An Analysis of The Main Critical Factors that Affect the Acceptance of Technology in Hospital Management Systems. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. Ankara: Graduate School of Informatics of Middle East Technical University.

Rogers, E. M. (1983). Diffusion of Innovations (3rd b.). New York: The Free Press.

Sayıştay Başkanlığı. (2006). E-Dönüşüm Türkiye Projesi Çerçevesinde Yürütülen Faaliyetler (Rapor Özeti). Sayıştay Dergisi, 62, 133-142.

Saylan, İ. (2009). İnternet: Demokrasiye Açılan Kapı? Türkiye ve İtalya Örnekleri Çerçevesinde e-Devlet Uygulamaları. Amme İdaresi Dergisi, 42(3), 141-162.

Srivastava, S. C., & Teo, T. S. (2007). What facilitates e-government development? A cross-country analysis. Electronic Government, an International Journal, 4(4), 365-378.

Stemberger, M. I., & Jaklic, J. (2007). Towards E-government by business process change - A methodology for public sector. International Journal of Information Management, 27(4), 221-232.

Toffler, A. (1970). Future Shock. New York: Amereon Ltd.

Venkatraman, N. (1994). IT-Enabled Business Transformation: From Automation to Business Scope Redefinition. Sloan Management Review, 35(2), 73-87.

Weber, M. (1978). Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology. (G. Roth, & C. Wittich, Dü) New York: University of California Press.

West, D. M. (2005). Digital Government: Technology and Public Sector Performance. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Westerback, L. K. (2000). Toward Best Practices for Strategic Information Technology Management. Government Information Quarterly, 17(1), 27-41.

Zacher, L. W. (2008). E-Transformations of Societies. A.-V. Anttiroiko (Dü.) içinde, Electronic Government: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications (s. 3754-3763). Hershey: IGI Global.

Downloads

Published

2015-03-03

How to Cite

Esgin, E., Çetinkaya, A., & Ağaoğlu, M. (2015). An analysis of the effects of users’ different characteristics on the acceptance of e-transformation in a public institution&lt;p&gt;Kamu kurumunda kullanıcıların farklı özelliklerinin e-dönüşümün kabulüne etkilerinin incelenmesi. Journal of Human Sciences, 12(1), 761–789. Retrieved from https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/3205

Issue

Section

Informatics Systems