Journal of Human Sciences https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS <p>International <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Journal of Human Sciences</strong></span> [JHS] ISSN: 2458-9489 / [Uluslararası <span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi</strong></span> [İBD] ISSN: 1303-5134]<br /><br />Established: 1999<br />Registered: 2002<br />DOI: 10.14687</p> <ul id="yui_3_17_2_1_1471195996031_534"> <li id="yui_3_17_2_1_1471195996031_533" class="show">It is one online academic journal that adheres to the highest standards of <strong>peer review</strong> and engages established and emerging scholars from anywhere in the world, and welcoming to contributions of all kinds of scientific works in <strong>any disciplines</strong>, approaches, and <strong>languages</strong>.</li> <li id="yui_3_17_2_1_1471195996031_549" class="show" style="text-align: left;">Articles are published in the <strong>current issue</strong> as soon as they have completed the review process.</li> </ul> Sakarya University en-US Journal of Human Sciences 1303-5134 <div><strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi ISSN:1303-5134 </span></strong></div> <div><strong><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">International Journal of Human Sciences ISSN:2458-9489</span></strong></div> <div>&nbsp;</div> <div><em><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">is an "Open Access Journal" that uses a funding model that does not charge readers or their institutions for access. From the BOAI definition of open access, users take the right of read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles.</span></em></div> <p>Authors can retain copyright, while granting the journal right of first publication. Alternatively, authors can transfer copyright to the journal, which then permits authors non-commercial use of the work, including the right to place it in an open access archive. In addition, <a href="http://www.creativecommons.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Creative Commons</a> can be consulted for flexible copyright licenses.</p> <p><span style="background-color: #ffffff;">©1999 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</span></span></p> The investigation of the attitudes of students at the faculty of sports sciences towards human rights in sports according to different variables https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6460 <p>The aim of this research is to examine the attitudes of students studying at the faculty of sports sciences towards human rights in sports in terms of different variables. The research group consists of 85 (41.1%) women and 122 (58.9%) men studying at the faculty of sports sciences. The data collection tools in the research are the personal information form and the Human Rights in Sports Attitude Scale. It was determined that the scores of the participants from the human rights attitude scale in sports were above the average. It was determined that the participants human rights in sports attitude scale and its subdimensions did not differ according to the gender variable. According to the participants' department variable, a significant difference was detected in favor of coaching education only between coaching education and physical education and sports teachers in the subdimension of solidarity rights. Another finding of the research was that as the age of the participants increased, the values ​​they received from personal rights increased, and as the age decreased, the attitude towards social rights increased. As a result, people who are interested in the field of sports sciences attract wide attention with their popular lectures, seminars, and other elements regarding human rights in sports.</p> <p>(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Özet</strong></p> <p>Bu araştırmanın amacı spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan öğrencilerin farklı değişkenler açısından sporda insan hakları tutumlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırma grubu spor bilimleri fakültesinde öğrenim görmekte olan 85 (%41.1) kadın ve 122 (%58.9) erkekten oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları ise kişisel bilgi formu ile Sporda İnsan Hakları Tutum Ölçeği’dir. Katılımcıların sporda insan hakları tutum ölçeğinden almış oldukları puanların ortalama seviyenin üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların sporda insan hakları tutum ölçeği ve alt boyutlarının cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların bölüm değişkenine göre sadece dayanışma hakları alt boyutunda antrenörlük eğitimi ve beden eğitimi ve spor öğretmenleri arasında antrenörlük eğitimi lehine anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmadaki bir başka bulgu ise katılımcıların yaşları arttıkça kişilik haklarından aldıkları değerlerin artış gösterdiği yaş azaldıkça sosyal haklara yönelik tutumun arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak spor bilimleri alanında öğrenim gören öğrencilerin sporda insan haklarıyla ilgili farkındalık düzeylerinin ders, seminer ve benzeri unsurlarla arttırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.</p> Alptuğ Soyer Serkan İbiş Nuri Berk Güngör Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-02-13 2024-02-13 21 1 39 47 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6460 Institutionalization in Turkish sports club: The case of Galatasaray https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6434 <p>This study <strong>aim</strong>s to evaluate institutionalization in Turkish sports clubs from a financial perspective and analyze it in terms of management practices through the case of Galatasaray Sports Club. In the study, the mixed method in which quantitative and qualitative methods are used, respectively, financial analysis and document analysis, was preferred. According to the analysis, it can be said that low-cost and high value-added sporting achievements may be needed to ensure a financially sustainable management approach. Accordingly, it is among the findings of the study that it is important to create a system for institutionalization rather than highlighting individuals for success. Based on all the analyses, it has been concluded that institutionalization has not been achieved in the Club management in terms of financial and managerial aspects. It is considered essential for the institutionalization of Galatasaray that management is elected with the increase in the number of members, professional managers whose responsibilities are determined by the statute and whose salaries are announced in the general assembly, and sports achievements with high added value to be achieved with the athletes coming out of the club's equity.</p> <p>(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)</p> <p><strong>Özet</strong></p> <p>Bu çalışma, Türk spor kulüplerindeki kurumsallaşmayı finansal açıdan değerlendirmeyi ve yönetim uygulamaları açısından analiz etmeyi Galatasaray Spor Kulübü örneği üzerinden yapmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada finansal analiz ve doküman analizi olmak üzere, sırasıyla nicel ve nitel yöntemin kullanıldığı karma yöntem tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlere göre finansal açıdan sürdürülebilir yönetim anlayışının sağlanabilmesi için düşük maliyetli ve yüksek katma değerli sportif başarılara ihtiyaç duyulabileceği söylenebilmektedir. Bu kapsamda ülkemizin spor yatırımlarının uluslararası düzeyde karşılığını sağlayabilecek, sürdürülebilir finansal kaynakları içsel değerleriyle oluşturan ve Kulübün kültürüyle uyumlu kurumsallaşma ilkelerini özümseyen bir yönetim anlayışı benimsenebilecektir. Bu doğrultuda başarı için kişilerin öne çıkarılmasından ziyade kurumsallaşmaya yönelik sistemin oluşması çalışmanın bulguları arasındadır. Tüm analizlere bağlı olarak Kulüp yönetiminde finansal ve yönetsel açıdan kurumsallaşmanın sağlanamadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Üye sayısının artmasıyla seçilecek bir yönetimin, sorumlulukları tüzükle belirlenmiş ve maaşları genel kurulda açıklanan profesyonel yöneticilerin ve Kulüp öz kaynaklarından çıkacak sporcularla elde edilecek katma değeri yüksek sportif başarıların Galatasaray’ın kurumsallaşması için önemli görülmektedir.</p> Uğur Avşar Serkan Kurtipek Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-02-02 2024-02-02 21 1 20 38 10.14687/jhs.v21i16434 Analysis of pre-service teachers' flow experience in educational drama practices and the effect of practices on attitudes toward creative drama courses https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6462 <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The analysis of the flow experience of pre-service teachers in educational drama practices and the effect of the practices on the attitude towards creative drama lessons reveal the purpose of the study. It is of great importance for physical education teachers to use creative drama practices as an effective teaching method in physical education and sports lessons, both in terms of their personal development and professional development. </p> <p><strong>Method:</strong> The study was designed with a pre-test-post-test control group experimental design, one of the true experimental designs, and one of the quantitative research methods. In addition to the demographic information form, the "Flow Experience Scale" and "Attitude Scale towards Creative Drama Lessons" were applied to the participants as measurement tools. The distribution of the participant's demographic information was analyzed by frequency analysis. T-test independent groups analyzed the participants' pre-test and post-test scale scores, and the change in the pre-test and post-test scores of the scales according to demographic information was analyzed by t-test in independent groups and one-way analysis of variance. A regression model was tested to determine the effect of reason on anxiety. Analyses were performed with SPSS 20.0 software at a 95% confidence level.</p> <p><strong>Findings and Conclusions: </strong>As a result, there was no significant difference between the attitude scale scores towards flow experience and creative drama course of the students participating in the research according to their age, gender, income level, place of residence, and activity type, and between the pre-tests and post-tests of the scales. However, a significant difference was detected between the pre-test and post-test scores of the flow experience scale anxiety sub-dimension and the flow sub-dimension of the academic achievement variable. In addition, although there was no significant difference in terms of the variables mentioned, it was noted that the flow experience flow and anxiety subscale scores were low. In contrast, the attitude scores towards the creative drama course were high.</p> Özge Baydar Arıcan Didem Gülçin Kaya Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-02-28 2024-02-28 21 1 48 61 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6462 Sport in start-up projects and investments: Analysing ecosystem reports https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6455 <p><strong>Aim:</strong> This study analyses the diversity of enterprises in the startup sector, including information on the countries where investors are located, income models of startups, and investment stages. This study analyses the diversity of enterprises in the startup sector, including information on the countries where investors are located, income models of startups, and investment stages. <strong>Materials &amp; Methods:</strong> The data is sourced from the 2021-2023 Turkey Start-Up Ecosystem Investment Report, prepared by Start-Up Centrum, Start-Up Market, and other institutions. This study analyses the diversity of enterprises in the startup sector, including information on the countries where investors are located, income models of startups, and investment stages. Technological advancements have led to the rise of new initiatives across all sectors. This study investigates the yearly development of entrepreneurial investments in the sports sector, both globally and in our country. The research data was collected using qualitative methods such as literature source scanning, exploratory information collection, and situation evaluation techniques. <strong>Findings:</strong> This research has found that start-up studies related to the sports sector, particularly in Turkey, are insufficient. The study suggests that investors should consider ideas related to healthy living, wearable technology, exercise support, personal trainers, athlete performance, branch-specific measurement and development, and games. It has been determined that game software and investments receive more funding than any other sector worldwide, including in Turkey. Additionally, many football clubs in Turkey and Europe benefit from blockchain services. Therefore, it is important to increase initiative incentives related to the sports sector and offer suggestions in this regard.</p> <p>(Extended English summary is at the end of this document)</p> <p><strong>Özet</strong></p> <p><strong>Amaç:</strong> Bu çalışma, Start-Up Centrum, Start-Up Market ve farklı kurumlar tarafından hazırlanan, 2021 -2022- 2023 Türkiye Start-Up Ekosistemi Yatırım Raporu’nda yatırım alan girişimlerin sektörlerinden yatırım aşamalarına, yatırımcıların bulunduğu ülkelerden girişimlerin gelir modeline kadar, spor sektöründeki girişim çeşitliliğinin incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Teknoloji çağının gelişmesiyle birlikte her sektörde olduğu yeni girişimler ivme kazanmıştır. Spor sektörüne yapılan, girişim yatırımların süreci yıl bazında dünyada ve ülkemizdeki gelişimi araştırılmıştır. <strong>Materyal &amp; Metot: </strong>Araştırma verileri toplanırken, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden, literatür kaynak tarama, keşfedici bilgi toplama ve durum değerlendirme tekniği kullanılmıştır.</p> <p><strong>Bulgular:</strong> Yapılan bu araştırmada özellikle Türkiye’de spor sektörü ile ilgili Start-up çalışmalarının yeterli düzeyde olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sağlıklı yaşam, giyilebilir teknoloji, egzersiz desteği, kişisel antrenör, sporcu performansı, branşa özgü ölçme - geliştirme ve oyunlarla ilgili fikirlerin yatırımcılar tarafından değerlendirildiği tespit edilmiştir. Dünya ve Türkiye çapında bakıldığında oyun yazılımı ve yatırımlarının tüm sektörlerden daha fazla yatırım aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye, Avrupa’da futbol kulüplerinden birçok takımın blockchain hizmetlerinden faydalandığı tespit edilmiştir Bu kaynak ve raporlara bakıldığında spor sektörü ile alakalı girişim teşvikinin çoğalması gerektiği ve bu hususta öneri sunma açısından önem arz etmektedir.</p> Selçuk Bora Çavuşoğlu Tekmil Sezen Göksu Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-03-12 2024-03-12 21 1 73 95 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6455 Examining the relationship between body composition and jumping parameters in female volleyball players https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6463 <p><strong>Purpose:</strong> It can be said that the ever-increasing popularity in the volleyball branch and the search for success at professional levels increases the need for training to be aimed at physical and physiological needs. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between body composition and jumping parameters in elite female volleyball players. <strong>Material &amp; Method:</strong> The model of the research is the relational scanning model, one of the scanning models. The research group consisted of 9 volunteer professional female volleyball players. The participants' height, body mass index (BMI), fat weight, and body fat percentage (BFP) were measured, and Squat Jump (SJ), active jump (AJ), and hands-free jump tests were performed. Correlation analysis was applied to compare the relationship between body composition and vertical jump parameters.</p> <p><strong>Findings:</strong> A moderate positive relationship was found between BMI and BFP (p=.667; r=.050) and a very low positive relationship was found between BMI and fat weight (kg) (p=.820; r=.007). While a weak negative relationship (p=-.672; r=0.047) was detected between BMI and Squat Jump and Active Jump Power difference (W/kg), no statistical relationship was found between the other parameters.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> When the study findings were evaluated, a negative relationship was found between body mass index, body fat percentage, and jump parameters. This situation reveals that, as the fat percentage increases, the jumping performance of athletes decreases. Considering that one of the performance parameters most commonly used by female volleyball players is jumping, the result of the study is that improving body composition at a level that will increase performance will contribute to success.</p> <p><strong>Özet</strong></p> <p><strong>Amaç: </strong>Voleybol branşında artan ilgi ve profesyonel başarı arayışları doğrultusunda, sporcuların fiziksel ve fizyolojik ihtiyaçlarının ve bunların performans çıktılarına etkilerinin bilinmesi, bu etkilere göre optimal düzeyde çalışmalar oluşturulması, performansın yükseltilmesi ve başarının elde edilmesi için önem taşımaktadır. Bu durum göz önüne alındığında bu çalışmanın amacı elit kadın voleybolcularda vücut kompozisyonu ile sıçrama parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelemesidir. <strong>Materyal &amp; Metot: </strong>Araştırmanın modeli tarama modellerinden ilişkisel tarama modelidir. Araştırma grubunu toplamda 9 gönüllü profesyonel kadın voleybolcu oluşturmuştur. Katılımcıların boy uzunluğu, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ), yağ ağırlığı ve vücut yağ yüzdesi (VYY) ölçülmüş, Squat Sıçrama (SS), aktif sıçrama (AS) ve eller serbest sıçrama testleri uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel analiz değerlendirmesi için, vücut kompozisyonun dikey sıçrama parametreleriyle ilişkisini karşılaştırmada korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. <strong>Bulgular:</strong> VKİ ile VYY arasında orta düzeyde pozitif yönde (p=,667; r=,050) VKİ ile yağ ağırlığı (kg) arasında pozitif yönde çok düşük düzeyde (p=,820; r=,007) ilişkiye rastlanılmıştır. VKİ ile Squat Sıçrama ve Aktif Sıçrama Güç farkı (W/kg) arasında ise negatif yönde zayıf düzeyde (p=-,672; r=0,047) ilişki tespit edilirken, diğer parametreler arasında ise istatistiksel olarak bir ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır. <strong>Sonuç:</strong> Sonuç olarak, yapılan çalışmanın bulguları değerlendirildiğinde vücut kitle indeksi ve vücut yağ yüzdesi ile sıçrama parametreleri arasında negatif yönlü bir ilişkiye rastlanmıştır. Bu durum yağ yüzdesinin artması ile sporcuların sıçrama performanslarının azaldığı düşüncesini ortaya çıkartmaktadır. Kadın voleybolcuların en çok en çok kullandığı performans parametrelerinden birinin sıçrama olduğu düşünüldüğünde, çalışmadaki sonuç vücut kompozisyonun performansı arttıracak düzeyde iyileştirilmesinin başarıya katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.</p> Ayşe Demet Karadağ Engin Boyraz Ramazan Çoban Mehmet Veysi Özdabakoğlu Nur Bacak Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-03-01 2024-03-01 21 1 62 72 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6463 A study to determine the attitudes and behaviors of individuals on nutrition and hygiene during the Covid-19 pandemic process https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6374 <p class="p1">The Covid-19 virus emerged in December 2019 and affected the whole world. The World Health Organization declared a pandemic in January 2020. While the virus caused many people to get sick and die, it also brought important changes in people's lifestyles. The most important of these changes has been in the attitudes and behaviors of individuals on nutrition and hygiene. Due to the lockdowns during the pandemic period, the frequency of people eating out has decreased and they have started to be more careful about hygiene due to the concern of any contamination. This research was planned and carried out in order to determine the attitudes and behaviors of individuals regarding nutrition and hygiene during the pandemic period. The questionnaire technique, one ofthe quantitative research methods, was used in the study and it was applied to volunteers online via Google. The questionnaire was applied to 810 participants in total, but incomplete and incorrectly filled questionnaires were excluded and 785 questionnaires were taken into account. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the attitudes and behaviors of individuals on nutrition and hygiene during the pandemic have changed positively.</p> <p><strong>Özet</strong></p> <p>Covid-19 virüsü 2019 yılı aralık ayında ortaya çıkmış ve tüm dünyayı etkilemiştir. Dünya Sağlık örgütü 2020 yılı ocak ayında pandemi ilan etmiştir. Virüs birçok kişinin hastalanmasına ve ölümüne yol açarken aynı zamanda insanların yaşam biçiminde de önemli değişikleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu değişimlerden en önemlileri bireylerin beslenme ve hijyen konusundaki tutum ve davranışları konusunda olmuştur. Pandemi döneminde sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları nedeniyle de insanların dışarıda yemek yeme sıklıkları azalmış ve herhangi bir bulaş olması endişesiyle hijyen konusunda daha dikkatli davranmaya başlamışlardır. Bu araştırma pandemi döneminde bireylerin beslenme ve hijyen konusundaki tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemek amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılmış ve Google üzerinden online olarak gönüllü kişilere uygulanmıştır. Anket toplamda 810 katılımcıya uygulanmış ancak eksik ve yanlış doldurulan anketler kapsam dışı tutulmuş ve 795 anket dikkate alınmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda bireylerin pandemi süresince beslenme ve hijyen konusundaki tutum ve davranışlarının olumlu yönde değiştiği ortaya konmuştur.</p> Nurten Çekal Aysun Özşahin Esradeniz Doğan Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-01-07 2024-01-07 21 1 1 19 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6374 A cross-cultural research on the employment of migrants: Social representations of job seekers in Poland and Turkey https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/6388 <p><strong>Aim:</strong> The main aim of the study is to reveal the social representations of local job seekers towards employment of migrants who are a part of the labor market in Poland and Turkey. As social representations have been one of the crucial and preferred concepts to find out individuals' perceptions of any subject, determining the direction of social representations of Turkish and Polish job seekers (positive or negative) and comparing the revealed social representations between Turkish and Polish participants are other aims of this study.</p> <p><strong>Method:</strong> 30 participants (15 Turkish and 15 Polish) between 22-30 ages from Turkey and Poland have taken part in this research based on the maximum variation sampling, and the first part of the social representations survey instrument (the part which consists of the free associations form) proposed by Tsoukalas (2006) has been used to reach out to participants' representations. The data has been analyzed and presented in tables for each country through content analysis and the results have been discussed based on the comparisons.</p> <p><strong>Findings:</strong> The results have shown that Turkish and Polish participants created the same number of groups (45 groups each) in total. The similarities between social representations of Turkish and Polish participants are higher than the differences, however, it is possible to assume that Turkish participants tend to provide more negative social representations regarding the employment of migrants.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The social representations of Turkish participants about the employment of migrants refer to situations that related to “<em>economic, job market, social, emotional, psychological, cultural, different challenges during daily life for locals and migrants, and some positive sides/contributions to migrants of being a migrant in the country”</em>. The social representations of Polish participants about the employment of migrants refer to situations that related to <em>“procedural and formal issues, social and cultural aspects, challenges regarding the economy and job market, emotional reactions, outputs of migrants, and some positive sides/contributions of migrants to society as being a migrant in the country such as diversity and some other positive effect of migrants”. </em></p> Murat Aydınay Tade Daniel Omotosho Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Human Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 2024-01-07 2024-01-07 21 1 20 40 10.14687/jhs.v21i1.6388