Foreign trade intensities’ development of Ottoman 45 Countries with Turkey and Neo Ottomanism<p>Osmanlı 45 Ülkelerinin Türkiye ile dış ticaret yoğunlukları gelişimi ve Yeni Osmanlılık
Keywords:
Turkey, Ottoman 45 countries, Neo ottomanizm, foreign trade concentration, Türkiye, Osmanlı 45 ülkeleri, Yeni Osmanlılık, dış ticaret yoğunlaşmasıAbstract
This study aims to calculate international trade density indexes of Ottoman 45 countries with Turkey or vice versa and outline the developments in these indexes between 1996-2013. Based upon these calculations it also aims whether the applicability of Neo Ottomanism goal of Turkey with Ottoman 45 countries, which used to share the same civilization with Turkey during Ottoman Empire. Theoretically, it is expected that neighborhood, cultural shares, common civilization etc. all lead to increases in trade concentrations to promote New Ottomanism in view of parameters of gravity model and economic geography. Our calculations show that there have been declines in total export, total import and total trade volume densities indexes of Turkey with those countries, which unfavor Neo Ottomanism since 1996. On the other hand, the bilateral indexes show that more than half of Ottoman 45 countries have showed trade diversion in favor of Neo Ottomanism and the else unfavors Neo Ottomanism since 1996. It is suggested that the governments shall define new strategies based on favorable country specific findings to improve foreign trade densities of Turkey with Ottoman 45.
Özet:
Çalışmamız Türkiye’nin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun sınırları içerisinde bulunmuş Osmanlı 45 ülkeleri ile 1996-2013 döneminde dış ticaret yoğunlaşmasını ve gelişimini ortaya koymak ve Türkiye’nin Yeni Osmanlılık hedefinin uygulanabilirliğini dış ticaret boyutunda ele alma amacını gütmektedir. Ekonomik Coğrafya ve Çekim Modeli parametreleri doğrultusunda teorik olarak komşuluk, din ve kültürel bağların; ortak medeniyetin Türkiye’nin bu ülkelerle olan dış ticaretinde artan bir yoğunlaşma sağlamalı ve Yeni Osmanlılığı motive ediyor olmalıdır. Türkiye’nin Osmanlı 45 ile olan toplam dış ticaret hacmi, toplam ihracat ve toplam ithalat değerlerinde Yeni Osmanlılığın aleyhinde bir dış ticaret sapması bulunmuştur. Diğer taraftan, Türkiye ile bireysel ülkeler açısından endeks hesaplarına bakıldığında ise ülkelerin yarısından fazlası ile Yeni Osmanlılığı destekler mahiyette dış ticaret yoğunluklarında artışlar görülmüş, diğerlerinde ise dış ticarette yoğunluk azalması bulunmuştur. Türkiye ile Osmanlı 45 ülkelerinin ticaret yoğunluğunu artırmak için her bir ülkenin Türkiye ile olan dış ticaret yoğunluğunu artıran ve azaltan faktörlerin açıklığa kavuşturulması ve bu doğrultuda stratejiler izlenmesi önerilir.
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