The effect of concept mapping on students’ academic achievement and attitude in science education<p>Fen eğitiminde kavram haritaları kullanımının akademik başarı ve tutuma etkisi
Keywords:
Academic achievement, attitude, concept mapping, constructivism, science education, Akademik başarı, tutum, kavram haritaları, yapılandırmacılık, fen eğitimiAbstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of concept mapping as a learning strategy in science classes on students’ academic achievement and attitude. The research employed a randomized pre-test post-test control group design. Data collected from 60 sixth grade students participated in the study from a randomly selected secondary school in Turkey. During a 5-weeks period, the experimental group students (N=30) used the paper based concept mapping method while the control group students (N=30) were taught with the traditional approach according to the science and technology education curriculum for light and sound subject. Both groups were taught by the same teacher who is experienced using concept mapping in science classes. The data were collected by science achievement test, science attitude scale and personal information form. The reliability coefficient of the achievement test was KR-20=0,76 and Cronbach’s Alpha of the attitude scale was 0,89. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. According to the results, there was a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group for academic achievement but not for attitude. The experimental group had significantly greater gains from academic achievement test than the control group (t=2,9; p<0,05). On the other hand, experimental group didn’t have significantly better results for attitude scale than the control group (t=0,42, p>0,05). The findings showed that the paper-and-pencil concept mapping can be used as an effective method for students’ academic achievement in science classes.
Özet
eğitiminde kavram haritaları oluşturma uygulamasının altıncı sınıf öğrencilerinin akademik başarılarına ve derse yönelik tutumlarına etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada yöntem olarak deneysel desenlerden ön test son test kontrol gruplu desen kullanılmıştır. Veriler devlet okulları arasından tesadüfi olarak seçilen bir devlet ortaokulunun 6.sınıflarında öğrenim görmekte olan toplam 60 öğrenciye uygulanan veri toplama araçları ile toplanmıştır. Uygulama çalışmaları toplam 5 hafta sürmüştür. Deney grubundaki öğrenciler (N=30) ışık ve ses ünitesi hakkında kâğıt-kalem ile hazırlanan kavram haritaları ile desteklenmiş eğitimle ders görürken, kontrol grubunda (N=30) ise dersler mevcut fen öğretim programına göre geleneksel olarak işlenmiştir. Her iki grupta da dersleri, kavram haritalarıyla çalışma tecrübesi olan aynı fen öğretmeni işlemiştir. Veriler fen bilgisi başarı testi, fen bilgisi tutum ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan başarı testinin güvenirlik katsayısı KR-20= 0,76, fen dersine yönelik tutum ölçeğinin Cronbach’s Alpha güvenirlik katsayısı ise 0,89 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre deney grubu ile kontrol grubu öğrencilerinin akademik başarıları arasında deney grubu lehine istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık oluşmuş (t=2,9; p<0,05), tutum testi puan ortalamaları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık oluşmamıştır (t=0,42, p>0,05). Bu bulgulara göre kâğıt-kalem ile kavram haritası oluşturma uygulamasının fen derslerinde öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını artırabilecek etkili bir yöntem olarak kullanılabileceği görülmektedir.
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