Meta-analysis application process in nursing: A guide intended for methodology<p>Hemşirelikte meta-analiz uygulama süreci: Metodolojiye yönelik bir rehber
Keywords:
Meta-Analysis, Application Process, Nursing, Implementation Steps, Guide, Meta-Analiz, Uygulama Süreci, Hemşirelik, Uygulama Basamakları, RehberAbstract
In recently years, interest to evidence based practice has increased due to such causes; the existence of scientific advances in the field of health and increased interest to good care practices. While evidence based practice improves the quality of care, it will also contribute to the professionalization of nursing. However, whenthe researchs' results made towards scientification is analyzed; there are conflicts between the results and it is seen that the different qualities of each study. A meta-analys is method developed to analyze statistically conflict and causes of differences between works. A meta-analysis is called that statistical analysis of the studies' results which is made independently relating to the same theme at different place and time. Meta-analysis is an analysis method that revealing presence and size of the effect, examining inconsistencies and its' causes existing between studies, research can analyze the results with the new parameters that have not been previously studied, so the potential new relations can be revealed and bring new approaches to studies will made later. The meta-analys is application process is time consuming and requiring patience. Meta-analysis application steps include that determination of the research topics and questions, reviewing literature, identifying the criteria, the classification of those articles and sieving, the coding of data, evaluation of the quality of work, performance of statistical analysis and reporting of study results. Although there are many benefits, to be difficult and time consuming to determine the appropriate work, not be suitable for all related studies analysis and inclusion, require advanced statistics technical and existence heterogeneity in the sample group's work are challenging aspects of the meta-analysis. Also, due to negative thoughts against the meta-analysis and insufficient information, using meta-analysis in nursing is almost no. This work is planned to provide information on the basic principles of meta-analysis, be guidance on the application process and promote the use of the method in the nursing field.
Özet
Son yıllarda sağlık alanında bilimsel gelişmelerin var olması ve iyi bakım uygulamalarına olan ilginin artması gibi nedenlerle kanıta dayalı uygulamaya olan ilgi artmıştır. Kanıta dayalı uygulamalar bakımın kalitesini iyileştirir iken hemşireliğin profesyonelleşmesine de katkı sağlayacaktır. Ancak, bilimselleşme yolunda yapılmış çalışma sonuçlarına bakıldığında; sonuçlar arasında çelişkilerin olduğu, her bir çalışmanın farklı kalitelerde olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmalar arasındaki çelişkilerin eleştirel değerlendirilmesi ve farklılıkların nedenlerinin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesi için meta-analiz yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Aynı konu ile ilgili birbirinden bağımsız farklı yer ve zamanda yapılan çalışma sonuçlarının istatistiksel analizine meta-analiz denilmektedir. Meta-analiz; bir etkinin varlığını ve büyüklüğünü ortaya koyan, çalışmalar arasında var olan tutarsızlıkları ve nedenlerini inceleyen, araştırma sonuçlarını daha önce incelenmemiş olan yeni parametreler ile inceleyebilen, böylece olası yeni ilişkilileri ortaya çıkartabilen ve daha sonraki yapılacak çalışmalara yeni yaklaşımlar getirebilen bir analiz yöntemidir. Meta-analiz uygulama süreci ise zaman alıcı ve sabır isteyen bir süreçtir. Meta-analiz uygulama basamakları; araştırma konusunun ve sorularının belirlenmesi, literatür araştırmasının yapılması, ölçütlerin belirlenmesi, bulunan makalelerin sınıflanması ve elenmesi, verilerin kodlanması, çalışmaların kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi, istatistiksel analizlerin yapılması ve çalışma sonuçlarının raporlanmasını içermektedir. Birçok yararının olmasına rağmen, uygun çalışmaların belirlenmesinin zor ve zaman alıcı olması, ilgili çalışmaların hepsinin dahil etme ve analiz için uygun olmaması, gelişmiş istatistik teknikleri gerektirmesi ve çalışmanın örneklem grubunda heterojenliğin var olması meta-analizin zorlayıcı yönlerindendir. Ayrıca meta-analize karşı olan olumsuz düşünceler ve yetersiz bilgi nedeni ile meta-analizin hemşirelikte kullanımı yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu çalışma; meta-analizin temel prensipleri hakkında bilgi sağlama, meta-analiz uygulama süreci hakkında rehber olma ve yöntemin hemşirelik alanında kullanımını yaygınlaştırmak amacıyla planlanmıştır.
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