The place of hermeneutical reflection in liberal theories of ethics and politics<p>Hermeneutik refleksiyonun liberal etik ve politik kuramlardaki yeri
Keywords:
Apel, Rorty, Taylor, the discourse ethics, the pragmatic relativism, the ethics of authenticity, the politics of recognition, hermeneutics, liberal ironi, söylem etiği, pragmatik rölativizm, sahicilik etiği, tanınma politikası, hermeneutikAbstract
The Habermas-Gadamer debate focused on the task and scope of hermeneutics has constituted on the claim of that understanding and interpretation is a linguistic inter-subjective interaction not an intellectual subjective activity. Hermeneutical reflection, rose from this interaction, has a critical task that illuminates pre-conditions of subject in the process of understanding and interpretation. The emphasis of this study is on the ethical and political effects of this task, but not on the debate of whether this critical task has a linguistic restriction. Even though Gadamer, Habermas and Ricoeur have properly remarked that the critical task of hermeneutical reflection founded on self-consciousness is practical, none of them had improved theories of ethics and politics referring this practical task. In this study, I will discuss the place and the importance of the hermeneutical reflection in the discourse ethics of Apel, in the pragmatic relativism of Rorty, and in Taylor’s the ethics of authenticity and the politics of recognition. Those theories found on the task of hermeneutical reflection, which exalts individuality, therefore they are liberal theories. Exposing hermeneutical effects on those theories that are a result of “the linguistic turn” will indicate the practical value of hermeneutics. In addition, I will mention that those liberal theories can involve some dangers and aims to justify asking whether a hermeneutical theory of ethics and politics is necessarily "liberal".
Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Hermeneutik refleksiyonun işlevi ve kapsamına odaklanan Gadamer-Habermas tartışması, anlam ve yorumun, öznenin bir zihinsel bir etkinliği değil de özneler arası dilsel bir etkileşim olduğu kabulü üzerinden yürütülmektedir. Anlama ve yorum sürecinde öznelerarası etkileşimle ortaya çıkan hermeneutik refleksiyonun, öznenin kendi ön-koşullarını aydınlatan eleştirel bir işlevi vardır. Bu çalışmanın odak noktası, bu işlevin dilsel sınırlar içinde olup olmadığı tartışması değil, bu işlevin etik ve politik kuramlardaki etkisidir. Gadamer, Habermas ve Ricoeur, hermeneutik refleksiyonun öz-bilinci kuran eleştirel işlevinin pratik olduğunu belirtmiş olsalar da, bu pratik işlev üzerinden etik ve politik bir kuram geliştirmemişlerdir. İşte bu çalışma, Apel’in söylem etiğinde; Rorty’nin pragmatik rölativizminde, Taylor’un sahicilik etiği ve tanınma politikasında, hermeneutik refleksiyonun nasıl bir yere sahip olduğunu göstermek amacındadır. Bu etik ve politik kuramlar, hermeneutik refleksiyonun bireyselliği yükselten işlevine dayandığından, liberal kuramlardır. “Dile dönüş” olgusunun sonucu olan bu kuramlardaki hermeneutik etkilerin açığa çıkarılması, hermeneutiğin pratik değerini gösterecektir. Ayrıca liberal etik ve politik kuramların içerebileceği tehlikelere de değinmek isteyen bu çalışma, hermeneutik temelli etik ve politik bir kuram liberal olmak zorunda mıdır sorusunun da haklılığın göstermek amacındadır.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Abbey, R. (2000). Charles Taylor. Teddington: Acummen.
Apel, K. O. (1979). Understanding and Explanation, A Transcendental-Pragmatic Perspective. (trans.,Georgia Warnke). Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England: The MIT Press.
Apel, K. O. (1994). Selected Essays, Volume One: Towards a Transcendental Semiotics. (ed., Eduardo Mendieta). New Jersey: Humanities Press.
Apel, K. O. (1996). Selected Essays, Volume Two: Ethics and Theory of Rationalitiy. (ed., Eduardo Mendieta). New Jersey: Humanities Press.
Apel, K. O. (2001). The Response of Discourse Ethics. Leuven: Peeters.
Apel, K. O. (2005). “Güncel Bir Kant Dönüşümünün Temel Perspektifi Olarak Aşkınsal-Pragmatik Düşünüm”. (çev., Şebnem Sunar). Sonsuzluğun Sınırında: Immanuel Kant, Cogito Özel Sayısı, Sayı:41-42. 2005, ss.: 434-475. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları.
Bowie, A. (2003). Introduction to German Philosophy, From Kant to Habermas. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Caputo, D. J. (2002). “Varlık Düşüncesi ve İnsalığın Diyalogu: Heidegger ve Rorty”. (çev., Hüsamettin Arslan). İnsan Bilimlerine Prologomena, Dil, Gelenek ve Yorum. (der., Hüsamettin Arslan). ss.: 99-121. İstanbul: Pradigma Yayınları.
Dreyfus, H. I. (2004). “Taylor’s (Anti-) Epistemology”. Charles Taylor. (ed.,
Ruth Abbey). pp.:52-83. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Elshtain, J. B. (2004). “Toleration, Proselytizing, and the Politics of Recognition: The Self Contested”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:127-139. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Habermas, J. (1991). Moral Consciousness and Communicative Action. (trans., Christian Lenhardt and Shierry eber Nicholson). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT press.
Habermas, J. (2001). Justification and Application, Remarks on Discourse Ethics. (trans., Ciaran Cronin). Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT press.
Heldi D. (1980). Introduction to Critical Theory, Horkheimer to Habermas. London, Melbourne, Sydney: Hutchinson.
Gadamer, H. G. (1990). “Reply to My Critics”, The Hermeneutic Tradition: From Ast to Ricoeur. (ed., Ormiston, G. L. And Schrift, A. D.). pp. 273-297. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Gutt,ng, G. (2003). “Rorty’s Critique of Epistemology”. Richard Rorty. (ed., Charles Guignon and David R. Hiley). pp.: 41-60. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Kerr, F. (2004). “The Self and the Good: Taylor’s Moral Ontology”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:84-104. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Malachowski, A. (2002). Richard Rorty. Acumen Publishing.
Mcdermid D. (2006). The Varieties of Pragmatism, Truth, Realism, and Knowladge From James to Rorty. London, New York: Continuum.
Mulhall, S. (2004). “Articulating the Horizons of Liberalism: Taylor’s Political Philosophy”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:105-126. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Pinkard, T. (2004). “Taylor, ‘History’ and the History of Philosophy”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:187-213. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Ricoeur, P. (1988). Time and Narattive, Volume 3. (trans., Kathleen Balamey, David Pellauer). Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press.
Ricoeur, P. (1990). “Hermeneutics an the Critique of Ideology”. (trans. Jonh B. Thompson). The Hermeneutic Tradition, From Ast to Ricoeur. (ed., Gayle L. Ormiston and Alan D. Schrift). pp.:298-334. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Ricoeur, P. (2002). Söz Edimleri Kuramı ve Etik. (çev. Atakan Altınörs). Bursa: Asa Kitapevi.
Ormiston, G. & Shrift, A. D. (2002). “Hermeneutiğe Giriş”. (çev., Hüsamettin Arslan). Hermeneutik ve Hümaniter Dispilinler. (der. Hüsamettin Arslan). ss.: 2-60. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları.
Pinkard, T. (2004). “Taylor, ‘History’ and the History of Philosophy”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:187-213. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Rorty, R. (1979). Philosophy and Mirror of Nature. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Rorty, R. (1982). Consequences and Pragmatism, Essays: 1972-1980. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Rorty, R. (1989). Contingency, Irony and Solidarity. New York: Cambridge Universty Press.
Rorty, R. (1999). Philosophy and Social Hope. England: Penguin Books.
Rorty, R. (2002). “Dayanışma Olarak Bilim”. (çev., Hüsamettin Arslan). Retorik, Hermeneutik ve Sosyal Bilimler, İnsan Bilimlerinde Retoriğe Dönüş. (der., Hüsamettin Arslan). ss.: 39-55. İstanbul: Paradigma Yayınları.
Rorty, R. (2007). Philosophy and Cultural Politics. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press
Schlegel, F. (1971). Friedrich Schelgel's Lucinde and the Fragments. (trans., Peter Firchow). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
Smith, N. (2004). “Taylor and the Hermeneutic Tradition”. Charles Taylor. (ed., Ruth Abbey). pp.:29-51. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, C. (1985a). Human Agency and Language. Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne, New Rochelle, Sydney: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, C. (1985b). Philosophy and Human Sciences. Cambridge, New York, Port Chester, Melbourne, Sydney: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, C. (1989). Sources of the Self, The Making of Modern Identity. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Universtiy Press.
Taylor, C. (1991). The Ethics of Authenticity. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England: Harvard University Press
Taylor, C. (1993). “Engaged Agency and Background in Heidegger”. The Cambridge Companion to Heidegger. (ed., Charles B. Guignon). pp.:317-336. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, C. (1995). Philosophical Arguments. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England: Harvard Universtiy Press.
Taylor, C. (2003). “Rorty and Philosophy”. Richard Rorty. (ed., Charles Guignon and David R. Hiley). pp.: 158-180. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Taylor, C. (2004). Modern Social Imaginaries. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
Williams, M. (2003). “Rorty on Knowledge and Truth”. Richard Rorty. (ed., Charles Guignon and David R. Hiley). pp.: 61-80. Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo: Cambridge University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors can retain copyright, while granting the journal right of first publication. Alternatively, authors can transfer copyright to the journal, which then permits authors non-commercial use of the work, including the right to place it in an open access archive. In addition, Creative Commons can be consulted for flexible copyright licenses.
©1999 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
