The adaptation of psychological climate scale into Turkish: the study of validity and reliability<p>Psikolojik iklim ölçeğinin Türkçeye uyarlanması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Keywords:
Adaptation, psychological climate, validity, reliability, Uyarlama, psikolojik iklim, geçerlik, güvenirlikAbstract
In this study it was aimed to adapt Psychological Climate Scale (Brown & Leigh, 1996) into Turkish. It was originally developed for business organizations but while adapting it into Turkish the items were adjusted to educational settings. There were 745 teachers in two different study groups. To test the language validity of the scale, Pearson Correlation coefficient between English and Turkish versions was calculated. They were responded by English teachers with a two week interval. Findings indicated a high correlation (r=,859; p<,01) which means that Turkish version has language validity. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted to test the construct validity. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients were an indication of reliability which was calculated separately for the scale and sub-dimensions (ranges from α= ,912 to α= ,738). In item analysis, item total correlations and the correlations among sub-dimensions of the scale were calculated. Additionally, significance of difference between lower and upper 27 % groups was checked. The findings of EFA manifested a construct with five sub dimesions which was different from original scale and this dimensions were named in Turkish based on the original scale. On the other hand, ‘Challenge’ sub dimension did not meet reliability criteria. Therefore, it was taken out from adapted version. The item total correlations met the criteria in the literature. The difference between lower-upper 27 % groups was statistically significant. The total scale and its sub-dimensions had also statistically significant correlations (ranging from ,879 to ,455) indicating internal consistency. The model was validated by CFA. The findings of this study showed that Turkish version of Psychological Climate Scale has validity and reliability which means the scale can be applied in educational organizations.
Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Bu çalışma ile İngilizce Psikolojik İklim Ölçeğinin (Brown & Leigh, 1996) Türkçe’ye uyarlanması amaçlanmıştır. Ölçeğin orijinali iş örgütleri için geliştirilmiş olmakla birlikte, uyarlama esnasında maddeler eğitim örgütlerine uygun hale getirilmiştir. Araştırma iki farklı çalışma grubu üzerinde yürütülmüş olup; bu gruplar toplam 745 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin dil yönünden geçerliğini doğrulamak amacıyla İngilizce ve Türkçe versiyonlar iki hafta ara ile İngilizce öğretmenlerinden oluşan bir gruba uygulanarak; bu ölçümler arasındaki Pearson Korelasyon katsayısı hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgu ölçümler arasında yüksek düzeyli bir ilişkinin mevcudiyetini ifade etmektedir (r=,859; p<,01) ki bu da ölçeğin Türkçe versiyonun dil yönünden geçerli olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek amacıyla ise Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin geneli ve alt boyutları için ayrı ayrı hesaplanan Cronbach’s Alpha katsayısıları güvenirliği işaret etmektedir (α= ,912- α= ,738 arasında). Madde analizi bağlamında, madde toplam korelasyonları, ölçeğin alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkiler ve alt-üst % 27’lik gruplar arasındaki farkın anlamlılığı ortaya konmuştur. AFA’dan elde edilen sonuçlar orijinal ölçekten farklı olarak beş boyutlu bir yapıya işaret etmektedir. Bu boyutlar ölçeğin İngilizce versiyonuna sadık kalınarak Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir. Diğer taraftan, ‘Mesleki Zorluk’ alt boyutu gerekli güvenirlik kriterini sağlayamadığı için ölçeğin Türkçe versiyonunda yer almamaktadır. Madde toplam korelasyonları alan yazında ortaya konan ölçütleri karşılamıştır. Alt-üst % 27’lik gruplar arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Ölçek geneli ve alt boyutları arasındaki istatiksel açıdan anlamlı ilişkiler iç tutarlılığın göstergesidir (,879-,455). Modelin geçerliliği DFA ile doğrulanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Psikolojik İklim Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye uyarlandığında geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, söz konusu ölçme aracı eğitim örgütlerinde uygulanabilir.
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