The effect of leader-member exchange on job performance of academic staff: An empirical evidence from higher education institutions
Keywords:
Leader-member exchange, job performance, academic staff, higher educational institutions, higher education institutions.Abstract
Recently, the relationship between leader-member exchange and job performance has become more interesting subject among researchers. However, the literature has a paucity of empirical studies conducted in the higher education institutions; therefore, the relationship between these two variables is not clear. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of leader-member exchange on the job performance of academic staff in higher educational institutions. The data for the study were collected from the academic staff (n=174) of five faculties of sport sciences in Turkey. The LMX-7 scale developed by Scandura and Graen (1984) was used to determine the quality of the interactions between leaders (i.e., administrators) and members (i.e., academic staff). Sigler and Pearson’s (2000) job performance scale, which is a modified version of Kirkman and Rosen’s (1999) team productivity scale, was used to measure job performance. The findings exposed a statistically significant positive effect of leader-member exchange on job performance (p<0.05).
Downloads
Metrics
References
Bauer, T.N. and Green, S.G. (1996). Development of leader-member exchange: A longitudinal test. Academy of Management Journal, 39(6), 1538–1567.
Biswas, S. and Varma, A. (2011). Antecedents of employee performance: An empirical investigation in India. Employee Relations, 34(2), 177–192.
Blau, P.M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. NY: Wiley.
Bolat, O.I., Bolat, T. and Seymen, O.A. (2009). Investigation of relationship between empowering leader behaviors and organizational citizenship behavior with the reference of social exchange theory. Balikesir University, The Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 12(21), 215–239.
Breevaart, K., Bakker, A.B., Demerouti, E. and Van den Heuvel, M. (2015). Leader-member exchange, work engagement, and job performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(7), 754–770.
Browne, M.W. and Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Byrne, B.M. (2001). Structural equation modeling with AMOS – Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (2nd ed.), NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Deluga, R.J. and Perry, J.T. (1991). The relationship of subordinate upward influencing behaviour, satisfaction and perceived superior effectiveness with leader-member exchanges. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 64(3), 239–252.
Deluga, R.J. and Perry, J.T. (1994). The role of subordinate performance and ingratiation in leader-member exchanges. Group & Organization Management, 19(1), 67–86.
Dockery, T.M. and Steiner, D.D. (1990). The role of the initial interaction in leader–member exchange. Group & Organization Studies, 15(4), 395–413.
Graen, G.B. and Schiemann, W. (1978). Leader-member agreement: A vertical dyad linkage approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(2), 206-212.
Graen, G.B. and Uhl-Bien, M. (1995). Relationship-based approach to leadership: Development of leader-member exchange (LMX) theory of leadership over 25 years: Applying a multi-level multi-domain approach. Leadership Quarterly, 6(2), 219–47.
Graham, A.T. (2015). Academic staff performance and workload in higher education in the UK: The conceptual dichotomy. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 39(5), 665–679.
Greene, W.E., Walls, G.D. and Schrest, L.J. (1994). Internal marketing: The key to external marketing success. Journal of Services Marketing, 8(4), 5–13.
Janssen, O. and Van Yperen, N.W. (2004). Employees' goal orientations, the quality of leader-member exchange, and the outcomes of job performance and job satisfaction. The Academy of Management Journal, 47(3), 368–384.
Judge, T.A., Thoresen, C.J., Bono, J.E. and Patton, G.K. (2001). The job satisfaction-job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review. Psychological Bulletin, 127(3), 376–407.
Kim, T-Y., Liu, Z-Q. and Diefendorff, J.M. (2015). Leader–member exchange and job performance: The effects of taking charge and organizational tenure. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(2), 216–231.
Kirkman, B.L. and Rosen, B. (1999). Beyond self–management: Antecedents and consequences of team empowerment. Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), 58–74.
Lambe, C.J., Wittmann, C.M. and Spekman, R.E. (2001). Social exchange theory and research on business–to–business relational exchange. Journal of Business–to–Business Marketing, 8(3), 1–36.
Le Blanc, P.M., Jong, R.D., Geersing, J., Furda, J. and Komproe, I.H. (1993). Leader-member exchanges: Distinction between two factors. European Work and Organizational Psychologist, 3(4), 297–309.
Liden, R.C. and Graen, G. (1980). Generalizability of the vertical dyad linkage model of leadership. The Academy of Management Journal, 23(3), 451–465.
Lin, C-P. and Ma, H.C. (2004). Effects of leader-member exchange, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment on diagnosing employee job performance using career stage as a moderator. Asia Pacific Management Review, 9(1), 79–99.
Luo, B. and Cheng, S.P. (2014). Leader-member exchange, efficacy and job performance: A cognitive perspective interpretation. Canadian Social Science, 10(5), 244–248.
Martin, R., Guillaume, Y., Thomas, G., Lee, A. and Epitropaki, O. (2016). Leader–member exchange (LMX) and performance: A meta-analytic review. Personnel Psychology, 69(1), 67–121.
Sanchez, R.J. and Byrne, Z.S. (2004). Leader-member exchange and organizational justice: A new approach. In: New frontiers of leadership, Ed: George B. Graen, Age Publishing, USA.
Scandura, T.A. and Graen, G.B. (1984). Moderating effects of initial leader–member exchange status on the effects of a leadership intervention. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69(3), 428–436.
Schermerhorn, J.R., Osborn, R.N., Uhl-Bien, M. and Hunt, J.G. (2012). Organizational behavior (12th Edition). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Schriesheim, C.A., Neider, L.L. and Scandura, T.A. (1998). Delegation and leader–member exchange: Main effects, moderators, and measurement issues. Academy of Management Journal, 41(3), 298–318.
Sigler, T.H. and Pearson, C.M. (2000). Creating an empowering culture: Examining the relationship between organizational culture and perceptions of empowerment. Journal of Quality Management, 5(1), 27–52.
Siron, R.B., Muttar, A.K. and Ahmad, Z.A. (2015). Leader-member exchange and academic job performance in the Iraqi technical colleges and institutes: The mediating role of job satisfaction. International Review of Management and Business Research, 4(3), 731–742.
Truckenbrodt, Y.B. (2000). The relationship between leader-member exchange and commitment and organizational citizenship behavior. Acquisition Review Quarterly, Summer; 233-244.
Wallace, E. and De Chernatony, L. (2009). Service employee performance: Its components and antecedents. Journal of Relationship Marketing, 8(2), 82–102.
Wang , H., Law, K.S. and Chen, Z.X. (2008). Leader-member exchange, employee performance, and work outcomes: An empirical study in the Chinese context. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(10), 1809–1824.
Wilhelm, C.C., Herd, A.M. and Steiner, D.D. (1993). Attributional conflict between managers and subordinates: An investigation of leader-member exchange effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(6), 531–544.
Winkler I. (2010). Leader–member exchange theory. In: Contemporary Leadership Theories. Contributions to Management Science. Physica-Verlag HD.
Yildiz, S.M. (2011). Relationship between leader-member exchange and burnout in professional footballers. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(14), 1493–1502.
Yildiz, S.M. (2016). The effect of internal marketing on organizational citizenship behavior of academic staff in higher educational institutions. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 4(5), 1122–1128.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors can retain copyright, while granting the journal right of first publication. Alternatively, authors can transfer copyright to the journal, which then permits authors non-commercial use of the work, including the right to place it in an open access archive. In addition, Creative Commons can be consulted for flexible copyright licenses.
©1999 Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
