By-elections in the 1908-1912 Ottoman Assembly of Deputies

Authors

Keywords:

Selection, By-elections, Ottoman Parliament, deputy, 1908, II. Constitution

Abstract

The 1908 Assembly of Deputies (Meclis-i Mebusan), which opened on December 17th 1908 after the proclamation of the second Constitutional Monarchy, witnessed a colorful parliamentary life. While the things happened in this assembly created the first examples in terms of the democracy adventure of Turkey, the applications to be performed or the ongoing ones later served as a model for the Turkish Republic. Particularly the things that happened in the assembly after 1910 have the characteristics of setting an example for the following periods. The Assembly of Deputies in the Ottoman State, which opened in 1908 after a long period of thirty years, had a solemn opening ceremony on December 17th. The opening ceremony was prepared days before by considering even the smallest details, and the ones who would attend the ceremony, the places where the invitees would stand and the marches to be sung were all determined. Many domestic and foreign viewers came to the opening ceremony to which Sultan Abdulhamid II also attended and due to the crowd, there were no vacancies left in the hotels and inns in Istanbul. Therefore, many mosques and schools were assigned to the visitors as places to stay. 230 deputies were present at the opening ceremony of the 1908 Assembly of Deputies, where 281 deputies were elected. 281 deputies were elected as members of the 1908-1912 Assembly of Deputies and about 324 different deputies took part in the Assembly during the four working periods. In this study, within the scope of the statistical information, we will lay emphasis on the 43 deputies that differed. Before proceeding to the by-elections, it would be beneficial to emphasize the election system in the Ottoman State and the working period of the Assembly of Deputies in this period in order to better understand the subject matter.

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Author Biography

Kenan Olgun, Yıldırım Beyazıt University

Kenan Olgun, İstanbul Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü'nden mezun oldu. Yüksek Lisans ve Doktorasını aynı üniversitede tamamladı. Demokrasi, Anayasa ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Tarihi alanında çok sayıda makaleleri, ulusal ve uluslararası tebliğleri olan OLGUN'un birisi Prof. Dr. Cezmi Eraslan ile ortak olmak üzere 3 kitabı bulunmaktadır.

Prof. Dr., Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History, History of Turkish Republic. 

 

References

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (Prime ministry Ottoman Archive), Dahiliye Nezareti Siyasi Evrak Kısmı (Ministry of Interior, Division of Political Documents) (DH-SYS).

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (Prime ministry Ottoman Archive), Düstur (Rule) 2, C.I.

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (Prime ministry Ottoman Archive), Meclis-i Mebusan Levayih ve Tekalif-i Kanuniye ve Encümen Mazbataları 1326-1327, Ankara, TBMM (TGNA) Publishing. 1992.

Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi (Prime ministry Ottoman Archive), Meclis-i Vükela Mazbataları (the Minutes of the Council of Ministers) (MV).

Ahmad, Feroz, İttihat ve Terakki 1908-1914 (Union and Progress), (Trans. By Nuran Yavuz), 2.Edition, İstanbul, 1986.

Armağan, Servet, “Memleketimizde İlk Parlamento Seçimleri” (The First Parliament Elections in our Country) Kanun-i Esasinin 100. Yılı Armağan, Ankara, Ankara University, Faculty of Political Sciences Publ., 1978.

Azman, Ayşe, “Türk Basınında Siyasi Bir Gazeteci Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın” (A Political Journalist in the Turkish Media Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın), Unprinted Doctorate thesis, İstanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, 1994.

Bayur, Yusuf Hikmet, Türk İnkılabı Tarihi (Turkish Revolutionary History), C.II, Part I, Ankara, Turkish History Institution, 1943.

Birinci, Ali, Hürriyet ve İtilaf Fırkası (The Party of Freedom and Accord), Istanbul, 1990.

Gençosman, Kemal Zeki, “1. Meşrutiyetten Günümüze 23 Seçim ve Siyasi Partiler” (23 Elections and Political Parties from the First Constitutional Monarchy to the Present Day), Dünya, No:10158 (18 November 1980), p.6.

Hüseyin Cahit, “Tavşan ile Kaplumbağanın Hikayesi” (the Story of the Turtle and the Rabbit), Tanin, No: 1178 (14 December 1911), p.1.

İkdam

Karaosmanoğlu, Yakup Kadri, Hüküm Gecesi, Ankara, 1966.

Olgun, Kenan, 1908-1912 Osmanlı Meclis-i Mebusanı’nın Faaliyetleri ve Demokrasi Tarihimizdeki Yeri, (The Activities of the 1908-1912 Ottoman Assembly of Deputies and Its Place in Our Democracy History) Ankara, ATAM Publishing, 2008.

Olgun, Kenan, “Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Seçim Kültürü (1840-1950)” (Election culture from Tanzimat to Republic), Sine-i Millet Sergisi Tanzimattan Cumhuriyete Seçim (1840-1950), Istanbul, 2008, pp.1-48.

Tahir Hayrettin, “Muhterem Istanbullular”, Meslek, No:214-8 (19 December 1911), p.1.

Tanin

Toprak, Zafer, “Hürriyet-Müsavat-Uhuvvet, Her Tarafta Bir Politika Tufanı Var”, Bitola’da İlan-ı Hürriyet 1908-1909 (Declaration of Independence in Bitola), (Edited by Roni Margulies), Istanbul, 1997.

Yalçın, Hüseyin Cahit,“Büyükler ve Sorumluluk” (The elderly and Responsiblity), Yakın Tarihimiz, C.II, No 21 (19 July 1962), p.234.

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Published

2019-04-21

How to Cite

Olgun, K. (2019). By-elections in the 1908-1912 Ottoman Assembly of Deputies. Journal of Human Sciences, 16(2), 505–517. Retrieved from https://j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/5702

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Section

History