Sükûnet Positive Mental Health Screening Test: A preliminary study with young adults: Sükûnet Pozitif Ruh Sağlığı Tarama Testi: Gençlerle ilgili ilk bulgular

Uzeyir Ok; Halide  Özateş

doi:10.14687/jhs.v17i1.5911

Authors

Uzeyir Ok İbn Haldun University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8202-350X
Halide Özateş Ibn Haldun University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i1.5911

Keywords:

Mental health, screening test, positive psychology, sükunet, happiness, spirituality, Ruh sağlığı, tarama testi, pozitif psikoloji, maneviyat

Abstract

Aim: It has been noticed that focusing only psychopathology, weaknesses of human kind, in terms of mental health and ignoring strength and healthy dimensions lead to serious limitations to see the whole picture. Considering that there is a dearth of study in developing a comprehensive and handy tool to evaluate positive psychology test in Turkey and that cultural-contextual dimension is missing in available works, this study aimed to develop a culturally sensitive positive psychology instrument called sükunet meaning serenity, peace, and happiness in Turkish language. More specifically, the aim of this study is (1) to develop an instrument to measure positive psychology dimensions such as assertiveness, academic success, purpose in life and so on and (2) to explore distress experienced by participants concerning relevant aspects of positive psychology.

Method: Using a convenience sample the study selected 323 participants in an exploratory correlational design. The sample composed of adolescents and young adults studying at secondary schools or at universities in Istanbul, Turkey. The newly developed scales along with demographic variables were distributed to men (20%) and women (79%) in their schools using convenient sampling method. Data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis, item analyses, correlations and multiple linear regression.

Findings: The results of the study revealed that the devised battery of Sükunet positive psychology scales confirmed a clear construct validity of 16 sub-scales, named as faith uncertainty, pessimism, social isolation, heterosexual anxiety, academic study, anger, alienation to family values, coherence in family relations, openness to diversity, social alienation, economic difficulty, sense of identity (purpose and meaning), problem in sexuality, happiness, self esteem, assertiveness, negative habits like addiction, and openness to new experiences. The majority of the scales possessed satisfactory, moderate or strong internal consistency. With regard to findings it was detected that quite a few of participants experienced social isolation (35%), heterosexual anxiety (27%), difficulty in academic study (%25), socio-cultural alienation (22%), lack of assertiveness (18%), pessimism regarding the future (18%), and lack of happiness (17%). Among these, the strongest predictors of happiness were social isolation, pessimism and family relations. The study revealed a consistent pattern of distinct constructs and a potential for further exploration and extension in combination with psychopathology instruments.

Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.

Amaç: Ruh sağlığını patolojik vakalar üzerinden ele alan klinik psikoloji çalışmalarının yanında son 30 yılda ortaya çıkan pozitif psikoloji çalışmaları artarak gelişmektedir. Bununla birlikte, konuyla ilgili Türkiye’de çalışma sayısının azlığı ve yerellik vurgusunun ikinci planda kaldığı düşünülerek bu çalışmada bir pozitif ruh sağlığı tarama bataryası geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Geliştirilen çalışmanın örneklemini ilk yetişkinler oluşturduğu için çalışma aynı zamanda ilk yetişkinler arasında pozitif ruh sağlığı konusunda yaşanan güçlükleri de keşfetme amacı taşımaktadır.

Yöntem: 323 kişiyle yapılan bu korelasyon desenli çalışma lise son sınıf ve üniversite öğrencilerine uygulanmıştır. Erkeklere (20%) oranla kadın (79%) katılımcı sayısı daha fazladır. Pozitif tarama testi, büyük oranda yeni geliştirilen ve bir kaçı daha önceden yayınlanmış olan ölçek maddelerinden oluşturulmuştur.

Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçları geliştirilen 16 pozitif ruh sağlığı ölçeğinin güçlü bir yapı geçerliliği sergilediğini göstermiştir. Ölçek maddelerinin kendi içinde ideal veya yeterli düzeyde iç tutarlılık (güvenirlik) katsayılarına sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre gençlerin özellikle sosyal yalnızlık(%35), Cinsiyetler arası kaygı (%27), Akademik başarısızlık (%25), Sosyal yabancılaşma (%22), Girişken olamama (%18), Geleceğe yönelik karamsarlık (%18) ve Genel olarak mutsuzluk (%17) alanlarında sorunlar yaşadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Diğer değişkenler arasından mutluluğu belirleyen (yordayan) değişkenler sosyal yalnızlık, gelecek kaygısı ve aile ile ilişkiler olarak belirlenmiştir.

Çalışmada öngörülen pozitif psikoloji yapılarının gerekli yapı geçerliliği ve iç tutarlığı sağladığı ve ölçümlerin makul sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür. İlk çalışma olması hasebiyle mevcut çalışmanın teorik bir zemin üzerinden daha fazla geliştirilme potansiyeli olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

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Author Biographies

Uzeyir Ok, İbn Haldun University

Prof. Dr., İbn Haldun Universitesi, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri, Psikoloji Bölümü

Halide Özateş, Ibn Haldun University

Hekim., Ibn Haldun Üniversitesi, İnsan Kaynakları, Sağlık Merkezi

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