COVID-19 immune system and exercise : COVID-19 immün system ve egzersiz

Zait Burak  Aktuğ; Rüçhan  İri; Nazlım Aktuğ Demir

doi:10.14687/jhs.v17i2.6005

Authors

Zait Burak Aktuğ Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University
Rüçhan İri Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University
Nazlım Aktuğ Demir Selçuk University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i2.6005

Keywords:

Covid-19, Immune system, Quarantine, Exercise, Bağışıklık sistemi, Karantina, Egzersiz

Abstract

COVID-19, which became a current issue as a result of the pneumonia cases with unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China on December 31, 2019, has started to spread throughout the world and deaths related to it have increased rapidly. Isolation, which is an important step in the control of this disease, has many physiological and psychological effects. Initiating a sudden quarantine situation means a radical change in the lifestyle of the population. Changing lifestyles and behaviours may result in insufficient levels of physical activity and inadequate movement, which increases the risk of developing conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. During quarantine, it is essential to stay active and maintain a physical exercise routine for mental and physical health. It is very important people should continue their active lives at home so that their lifestyles do not change and their health conditions do not deteriorate. The aim of the study is to determine the exercises that can be done during the COVID-19 outbreak and the points to be considered during the exercises.

Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.

Özet

Çin’in Hubei Eyaleti, Vuhan Şehrinde, 31 Aralık 2019’da etiyolojisi bilinmeyen
pnömoni vakaları ile gündeme gelen COVID-19 dünyaya yayılmaya başlamış ve buna bağlı ölümler hızla artmıştır. Bu hastalığın kontrolünde önemli basamak olan izolasyonun fizyolojik ve psikolojik birçok etkisi vardır. Ani bir karantina durumunun başlatılması, nüfusun yaşam tarzında radikal bir değişiklik anlamına gelmektedir. Değişen yaşam biçimleri ve davranışları, yetersiz fiziksel aktivite seviyesi ve yetersiz hareket ile sonuçlanabilir ve bu durum diyabet, hipertansiyon, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, solunum yolu hastalıkları gibi durumların oluşma riskini artırır. Karantina sırasında, zihinsel ve fiziksel sağlık için aktif kalmak ve fiziksel bir egzersiz rutini korumak esastır. İnsanların yaşam tarzlarının değişmemesi ve sağlıklarının bozulmaması için evde aktif yaşama devam etmeleri çok önemlidir. Yapılan çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 salgını esnasında yapılabilecek egzersizler ve egzersiz esnasında dikkat edilmesi gereken hususların belirtilmesidir.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Zait Burak Aktuğ, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University

Doç. Dr. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi

Rüçhan İri , Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University

Prof. Dr. Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi

Nazlım Aktuğ Demir, Selçuk University

Doç. Dr. Selçuk Üniversitesi, Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji ABD

References

Ahmadinejad, Z., Alijani, N., Mansori, S., Ziaee, V. (2014). Common sports related infections: a review on clinical pictures, management and time to return to sports. Asian J Sports Med, 5(1), 1-9.

Bajema, K.L., Oster, A.M., McGovern, O.L., Lindstrom, S., Stenger, M.R., Anderson, T.C., Isenhour, C., Clarke, K.R., Evans, M.E., Chu, V.T., Biggs, H.M., Kirking, H.L., Gerber, S.I., Hall, A.J., Fry, A.M., & Oliver, S.E. (2020). Persons evaluated for 2019 novel Coronavirus-United States, January 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 69(6), 166-170.

Bhaskarabhatla, K.V., & Birrer, R. (2005). Physical activity and diabetes mellitus. Compr Ther, 31(4), 291-298.

Brett, G., Toresdahl, M.D., Irfan, M., & Asif, M.D. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): considerations for the competitive athlete. Sports Health, 12(3), 221-224.

Campbell, J.P., & Turner, J.E. (2018). Debunking the myth of exercise-induced immune suppression: redefining the impact of exercise on immunological health across the lifespan. Front Immunol, 9, 1-10.

Castrogiovanni, P., Trovato, F.M., Szychlinska, M.A., Nsir, H., Imbesi, R., & Musumeci, G. (2016). The importance of physical activity in osteoporosis. From the molecular pathways to the clinical evidence. Histol Histopathol, 31(11), 1183-1194.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Interim clinical guidance for management of patients with confirmed 2019 novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/clinical-guidance-management patients.html [Erişim tarihi: 05.05.2020].

Fletcher, G.F., Landolfo, C., Niebauer, J., Ozemek, C., Arena, R., & Lavie, C.J. (2018). Promoting physical activity and exercise: JACC health promotion series. J Am Coll Cardiol, 72(14), 1622-1639.

Gleeson, M. (2007). Immune function in sport and exercise. J Appl Physiol, 103(2), 693-699.

Halabchi, F., Ahmadinejad, Z., & Selk-Ghaffari, M. (2020). COVID-19 epidemic: exercise or not to exercise; that is the question! Asian J Sports Med, 11(1), e102630.

Harris, M.D. (2011). Infectious disease in athletes. Curr Sports Med Rep, 10(2), 84-89.

Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., Hu, Y., Zhang, L., Fan, G., Xu, J., Gu, X., Cheng, Z., Yu, T., Xia, J., Wei, Y., Wu, W., Xie, X., Yin, W., Li, H., Liu, M., Xiao, Y., Gao, H., Guo, L., Xie, J., Wang, G., Jiang, R., Gao, Z., Jin, Q., Wang, J., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet, 395, 497-506.

Hull, J.H., Loosemore, M., & Schwellnus, M. (2020). Respiratory health in athletes: facing the COVID-19 challenge. Lancet Respir Med, 8, S2213-2600(20)30175-2. [Epub ahead of print].

Karatosun, H. (2010). Fiziksel aktivite ve ruh sağlığı. SDÜ Yaşam Dergisi, 2(2), 9-13.

Jiménez-Pavón, D., Carbonell-Baeza, A., & Lavie, C.J. (2020). Physical exercise as therapy to fight against themental and physical consequences of COVID-19 quarantine: Special focus in older people. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, [Epub ahead of print].

Lavie, C.J., Ozemek, C., Carbone, S., Katzmarzyk, P.T., & Blair, S.N. (2019). Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circ Res, 124(5), 799-815.

Lippi, G., Henry, B.M., & Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Eur J Prev Cardiol, 9, 2047487320916823. [Epub ahead of print].

Lippi, G., & Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). An estimation of the worldwide epidemiologic burden of physical inactivity- related ischemic heart disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther, 34(1), 133-137.

Martin, S.A., Pence, B.D., & Woods, J.A. (2009). Exercise and respiratory tract viral infections. Exerc Sport Sci Rev, 37(4), 157-164.

Nieman, D.C., Miller, A.R., Henson, D.A., Warren, B.J., Gusewitch, G., Johnson, R.L., Davis, J.M., Butterworth, D.E., Herring, J.L., Nehlsen-Cannarella, S.L. (1994). Effect of high versus moderate exercise on lymphocyte subpopulations and proliferative response. Int J Sports Med, 15(4), 199-206.

Nieman, D.C. (1994). Exercise, infection, and immunity. Int J Sports Med, 15(3), 131-141.

Ozemek, C., Lavie, C.J., & Rognmo, Ø. (2019). Global physical activity levels: need for intervention. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 62(2), 102-107.

Ozemek, C., Laddu, D.R., Lavie, C.J., Claeys, H., Kaminsky, L.A., Ross, R., Wisloff, U., Arena, R., & Blair, S.N. (2018). An update on the role of cardiorespiratory fitness, structured exercise and lifestyle physical activity in preventing cardiovascular disease and health risk. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 61(5-6), 484-490.

Perlman, S. (2020). Another decade, another coronavirus. N Engl J Med, 382, 760-762.

Sanchis-Gomar, F., Lucia, A., Yvert, T., Ruiz-Casado, A., Pareja-Galeano, H., Santos-Lozano, A., Fiuza-Luces, C., Garatachea, N., Lippi, G., Bouchard, C., & Berger N.A. (2015). Physical inactivity and low fitness deserve more attention to alter cancer risk and prognosis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 8(2), 105-110.

Şenışık, S.Ç. (2015). Egzersiz ve bağışıklık sistemi. Turk J Sports Med, 50, 11-20.

Tang, X., Wu, C., Li, X., Song, Y., Yao, X., Wu, X., Duan, Y., Zhang, H., Wang, Y., Qian, Z., Cui, J., & Lu, J. (2020). On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2. National Science Review, nwaa036.

Tvede, N., Heilmann, C., Halkjaer-Kristensen, J., Pedersen, B.K. (1989). Mechanisms of B-lymphocyte supression induced by acute physical exercise. J Clin Lab Immunol, 30(4), 169-173.

World Health Organization. (2020). Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) technical guidance. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance [Erişim tarihi: 05.05.2020].

Worldometer. (2020). https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ [Erişim tarihi:10.05.2020].

Zhu, W. (2020). Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak? An interview with Dr. Jeffrey A. Woods. J Sport Health Sci, 9(2), 105-107.