Measuring flow experience in recreational participants:  Scale development and validation: Rekreasyonel katılımcılarda akış deneyiminin ölçülmesi: Ölçek geliştirme ve doğrulama

Cihan Ayhan; Ersin Eskiler; Fikret Soyer

doi:10.14687/jhs.v17i4.6105

Authors

Cihan Ayhan Sakarya University of Applied Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-1389
Ersin Eskiler Sakarya University of Applied Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7617-2958
Fikret Soyer Balıkesir University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v17i4.6105

Keywords:

Flow, Flow Experience, Leisure, Recreation, Recreational Flow Experience, Akış, Akış Deneyimi, Serbest Zaman, Rekreasyon, Rekreasyonel Akış Deneyimi

Abstract

The study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining the recreational flow experience. For this purpose, an item pool consisting of 18 items was created. In line with expert opinions, items that were not suitable for the structure of the scale were removed from the scale. The 12-item form was first applied to 542 people (336 males and 206 females; _age =23.39±3.44), who were selected by purposeful sampling method, in order to determine the scale structure and to create the items. Exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the data obtained through the SPSS 23.0 package program. As a result of the analysis, a single factor with 9 items was determined that explained 53.986% of the total variance. Then, in order to verify the validity of the scale, a questionnaire study was applied to a new group with a total of 150 people ( _age =30.09±8.69), 108 men and 42 women. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using the data obtained with the AMOS 23.0 package program. It was determined that the result of confirmatory factor analysis fit the model data well. When the results obtained in the evaluation of the measurement model were evaluated as a whole, the Recreational Flow Experience Scale (RFES) consisting of 9 items and a single factor was defined with sufficient validity and reliability. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications for the research were discussed.

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı rekreasyonel akış deneyiminin belirlenmesine ilişkin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı geliştirmektir. Bu amaçla 18 maddeden oluşan, bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Uzman görüşleri doğrultusunda ölçeğin yapısına uygun olmayan maddeler ölçekten çıkarılmıştır. Oluşturulan 12 maddelik formun ilk olarak ölçek yapısının belirlenmesi ve maddelerin oluşturulması amacıyla amaçsal örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen 336 erkek, 206 kadın toplam 542 kişi ( _yaş=23.39±3.44) üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle SPSS 23.0 paket programı aracılığıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda, toplam varyansın %53.986'sını açıklayan 9 maddeli tek faktör belirlenmiştir. Ardından ölçek geçerliliğin doğrulanması amacıyla 108 erkek, 42 kadın olmak üzere toplam 150 kişinin ( _yaş=30.09±8.69) katılım sağladığı yeni bir gruba anket çalışması uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerle AMOS 23.0 paket programı aracılığıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. DFA sonucu model veriye iyi uyum sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçüm modelinin değerlendirilmesinde elde edilen bulgular bir bütün halinde değerlendirildiğinde 9 madde ve tek faktörden oluşan Rekreasyonel Akış Deneyimi Ölçeği (RADÖ) yeterli geçerlik ve güvenirlik ile tanımlanmıştır. Son olarak araştırmaya ilişkin teorik ve pratik çıkarımlar tartışılmıştır.

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Author Biographies

Cihan Ayhan, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences

Arş. Gör., Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakülte

Ersin Eskiler, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences

Doç. Dr., Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi

Fikret Soyer, Balıkesir University

³Prof. Dr., Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi

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