Functional, aesthetic and psychosocial outcomes of face transplant<p>Yüz naklinin fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikososyal sonuçları
Keywords:
Facial deformities, face transplant, functional outcomes, aesthetic outcomes, psychosocial outcomes, nurse, Yüz Deformiteleri, Yüz Nakli, Fonksiyonel Sonuçlar, Estetik Sonuçlar, Psikososyal Sonuçlar, HemşireAbstract
In the world, the number of individuals developing severe craniofacial deformities due to trauma, tumor ablation or congenital disorders is increasing every day. These individuals tend to surgical reconstruction to repair these deformities causing adverse effects on body image and to improve functional and/or aesthetic outcomes. Until 2004, reconstructive surgery options to the patients with severe aesthetic facial deformity were rather limited, and the surgical interventions performed back then were far from satisfying functional, aesthetic and psychological expectations of these patients. With the advent of new techniques in surgery, the first partial face transplant was performed in France in 2005, thus emerging as a promising treatment option to patients experiencing serious functional, aesthetic and psychological problems due to facial deformities. Since 2005, 30 face transplants have been successfully performed around the world. Studies have revealed that after face transplant in general patients are satisfied with the functional, aesthetic psychosocial consequences and their quality of life has increased. With the increase in the number of face transplants, certain concepts such as face transplant programs and face transplant teams have gained attention, and nurses have taken their place in this development, providing the necessary care to this group of patients. This literature review is designed to inform nurses, providing care to these patients, about the positive outcomes of face transplant by discussing functional, aesthetic and psychosocial consequences of face transplant in the literature.
Özet
Travma, tümör ablasyonu ya da konjenital hastalıklar nedeniyle yüz bölgesinde ciddi deformite oluşan birey sayısı dünya çapında hızla artmaktadır. Bu bireyler, deformitelerin düzeltilmesi, fonksiyonel veya estetik sonuçların iyileştirilmesi için cerrahi tedaviye yönelmektedirler. Ciddi yüz deformitesi olan hastaların fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikolojik beklentilerini karşılayabilecek cerrahi tedavi seçenekleri 2004 yılından sonra gelişme göstermiştir. 2005 yılında Fransa’da gerçekleştirilen ilk parsiyel yüz nakli, yüz deformitesi nedeniyle ciddi fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikolojik sorunlar yaşayan hastalar için önemli bir tedavi seçeneği olmuştur. Bu tarihten günümüze kadar toplam 30 başarılı yüz nakli yapılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar, yüz nakli sonrası hastaların fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikososyal sonuçlardan memnun olduğunu, yaşam kalitelerinin arttığını ortaya koymuştur. Yüz nakli uygulamalarının artması ile yüz nakil ekibi kavramları gündeme gelmiş, hasta bakımında birincil sorumluluğu olan hemşireler de bu ekip içinde yerini almış ve bu hasta grubuna bakım vermeye başlamıştır. Bu derlemenin amacı, yüz naklinin fonksiyonel, estetik ve psikososyal sonuçlarını literatür ışığında tartışarak, bu hastalara bakım veren hemşireleri yüz nakli ve naklin olumlu sonuçları hakkında bilgilendirmektir.
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