The effect of public intervention on global competitiveness and foreign direct investment: The case of Turkey<p>Kamu müdahalelerinin küresel rekabet gücü ve uluslararası doğrudan yatırımlar üzerindeki etkisi: Türkiye örneği
Keywords:
Foreign direct investment, global competitiveness, public intervention, Turkey, panel data <p> Uluslararası doğrudan yatırımlar, küresel rekabet gücü, kamu müdahaleleri, Türkiye, panel veriAbstract
Nowadays, competitive power has become an important indicator of success in international area. In order to become an important actor in global level, it is possible for the countries to use their political apparatus and to increase the number of the industries with high added value in the market via directive policies. Accordingly, foreign direct investments, which have high technology and innovation qualification, are encouraged by the countries to invest in their territory. In this study; it is tried to measure the effects of the public interference, carried out in 28 countries between 1996 and 2011, on foreign direct investments and competitive power of the countries by using panel data analysis. The results of the study showed that educational level and research development capacity encourages foreign direct investment inputs, on the contrary high levels of tax rate prevents these investments. Besides, some findings have been reached which indicates that present foreign direct investments operating in the country has a positive effect on competitive power.
Özet
Günümüzde rekabet gücü uluslararası alanda başarının önemli bir göstergesi olmuştur. Ülkelerin küresel düzeyde önemli bir aktör haline gelebilmesi için sahip oldukları politika araçlarını etkin biçimde kullanması ve yönlendirici politikalarla piyasada faaliyet gösteren katma değeri yüksek endüstri sayısını artırması mümkündür. Bu doğrultuda yüksek teknoloji ve inovasyon becerisine sahip uluslararası doğrudan yatırımların ülkelere yatırım yapması teşvik edilmektedir. Çalışmada panel veri analizi yardımıyla 28 ülkede 1996-2011 döneminde uygulanan kamu müdahalelerinin uluslararası doğrudan yatırımlar ve ülkelerin küresel rekabet gücü üzerindeki etkisi ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları ülkedeki eğitim düzeyi ve Ar-Ge kapasitesinin uluslararası doğrudan yatırım girişlerini teşvik ettiğini, yüksek vergi oranlarının ise yatırımları engellediğini göstermiştir. Ayrıca ülkede faaliyet gösteren uluslararası doğrudan yatırımların rekabet gücü üzerinde olumlu etki gösterdiğine ilişkin bulgulara ulaşılmıştır.
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